Overview
Microsoft has already published excellent deployment documentation, including hardware and software Prerequisites for the installation. You can find that list here: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc262485(office.14).aspx. You will notice the software prerequisite list is quite long for a web stand alone or web front end server.
The 64-bit edition of Windows Server 2008 Standard with SP2
The Green items are part of Windows Server 2008. These are roles that you can install with little effort, all the necessary files should be on your system.
The Blue items are part of your SQL Server Installation. One disk and a few updates should satisfy those.
The Red items are the ones you have to worry about. A few of these you will recognize from SharePoint 2007 implementations and a few are new. Fortunately SharePoint 2010 comes with a prerequisites installer which makes this process a lot easier.
You have to handle those in Maroon yourself:
Powershell: Before you begin the installer make sure that you uninstall Powershell v1. If you do not uninstall Powershell 1.0 you will get a failure for every prerequisite that requires the 2.0 ctp.
The SQL Server cumulative update is on a request only basis so you will have to register with a valid email address.
KB Hotfix 971831 you can download directly.
Steps for the Prerequisites Installer:
